Finding the right mortgage lender is crucial for securing the best deal on your home loan.1 NerdWallet advises comparing at least three lenders to save potentially hundreds or even thousands annually.2 This guide outlines a smart, multi-step approach to narrow down your options and find a lender that truly meets your needs.
Step 1: Start Big
Begin your search with broad criteria to make a significant initial cut in the vast pool of mortgage lenders.
Loan Type
If you already know the specific type of home loan you’re looking for, this is an excellent starting point.
- Skip Conventional Loans: Almost all lenders offer conventional loans, so this won’t help narrow your search initially.
- Target Government-Backed Loans: If you’re seeking an FHA loan (Federal Housing Administration) or a VA loan (Department of Veterans Affairs), look for lenders that specialize in these. While many are approved, some lenders have a higher volume or expertise in these specific loan types. NerdWallet’s lender reviews, for example, often provide data on the percentage of each loan type a lender originated.
- Unusual Loan Types: For less common loans like ITIN loans (for individuals without a Social Security number) or physician loans, your options will naturally be more limited.3 When visiting lender websites, look for dedicated pages, blog posts, or loan officers who list these as their specialties.
Lender Type
Different types of lenders have distinct characteristics that might align with your preferences.4
- Nonbank Lenders: These companies focus exclusively on mortgages and related loans (like home equity loans). They typically operate online, via apps, or over the phone, and rarely have physical branches.5 Examples include Rocket Mortgage and Better. They often offer streamlined digital experiences.6
- Banks: Traditional banks provide a wide range of financial services, including mortgages.7 If you’re an existing customer, you might find special incentives. Banks often offer the option to speak with a loan officer in person, in addition to online application processes. Major players with large home lending arms include U.S. Bank and Bank of America.
- Credit Unions: These member-owned financial cooperatives can sometimes offer more flexible lending terms and personalized service due to their local or regional focus.8 Membership is usually required but is generally easy to obtain. PenFed and Navy Federal Credit Union are examples that offer home loans.9
Borrower Type
Consider your unique needs or characteristics that might influence your choice of lender or loan.
- Self-Employed Borrowers: If your income is primarily from freelance work, contracts, or your own business, seek lenders experienced in working with self-employed individuals, as they may have different documentation requirements.
- First-Time Homebuyers: Look for lenders that offer specific programs for first-timers, such as homebuyer education, down payment assistance, or special loan terms.10
- Values-Based Lending: If environmental, social, and governance (ESG) scores, or specific ownership structures (e.g., Black-owned or Black-led lenders) are important to you, research lenders that align with these values.
Ideally, information regarding these specific qualities or loan types should be easily accessible on a lender’s website or in reviews.
Step 2: Narrow Your List
After your initial broad cuts, it’s time to refine your list further.
Mortgage Rates
While you won’t get your exact rate until you apply, comparing sample mortgage rates can give you a strong indication of how lenders stack up.
- Sample Rates: Most lenders display sample rates online. Be aware these are based on specific assumptions (e.g., credit score, down payment, location).
- Personalized Rate Tools: Many lenders offer tools where you can input your credit score range, desired loan amount, and down payment to get a more personalized sample rate. Use these tools to compare different lenders.
Customer Experience
Online reviews and forums are invaluable for understanding a lender’s customer service.
- Review Sites: Look beyond glowing testimonials on lender websites. Check independent review sites and organizations like the Better Business Bureau for customer complaints and how lenders address them. A lender’s response to negative feedback can be very telling.
Offers and Features
Some lenders provide incentives to attract borrowers.11 Evaluate if these perks are genuinely beneficial to you.
- Incentives: These might include options for same-as-cash offers, waived private mortgage insurance (PMI), or access to a network of real estate agents.
- Assess Value: Determine if these features are something you would truly use. For instance, if a lender offers a real estate agent network, clarify whether you can choose your agent or if one will be assigned. If cash back at closing is offered, understand the conditions for qualification.
Step 3: Fine-Tune
By now, your list should be manageable (ideally around 10 lenders or fewer). It’s time to select your finalists.
- Consult Impartial Reviews: If you haven’t already, dive into comprehensive, impartial lender reviews from trusted sources (like NerdWallet’s expert reviews).
- Apply for Mortgage Preapproval: Once you have a small list of finalists and are ready to start house hunting, apply for mortgage preapproval with each of them.
- Free and Unlimited: Preapproval is free, and there’s no limit to how many lenders you apply with.
- Credit Impact: While preapproval involves a “hard credit pull” (which temporarily lowers your score), credit bureaus typically recognize rate shopping.12 If you complete all your preapprovals within a concentrated period (usually 30-45 days), it will only impact your score as a single inquiry.
- Benefits: Preapproval gives you an accurate idea of how much you can borrow and the rate you might be offered.13 It also provides a “test drive” of what it’s like to work with each lender. Crucially, a preapproval letter is essential to demonstrate to real estate agents and home sellers that you are a qualified and serious buyer.14
Nerdy Tip: If this entire process feels overwhelming, consider working with a mortgage broker. A broker, often for a fee (sometimes paid by the lender), will handle the legwork of finding and comparing different mortgage lenders that fit your needs, making the process less hands-on for you.15
Taking the time to strategically shop for a mortgage lender can lead to significant savings and a smoother homebuying experience.16